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《江苏农业科学》[ISSN:1002-1302/CN:32-1214/S]

卷:

第52卷

期数:

2024年第6期

页码:

25-35

栏目:

专论与综述

出版日期:

2024-03-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

Strategies for improving the quality of livestock manure compost

作者:

袁伟涛¹; 张婷¹; 马翠柳¹; 王凯英¹; 刘晗璐²

1.中国农业科学院特产研究所/特种动物饲养及综合利用创新中心/吉林省特种动物微生物饲料工程研究中心，吉林长春 130117；2.赤峰学院，内蒙古赤峰 024000

Author(s):

Yuan Weitao; et al

关键词:

畜禽粪污; 堆肥; 物质转化; 工艺优化; 添加剂

Keywords:

-

分类号:

S141.4

DOI:

-

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

好氧堆肥是有机固体废弃物无害化、资源化和减量化的重要技术，是废弃物与土壤碳库间的桥梁。堆肥将废弃物低耗快速的自然降解并转化为肥料，肥料中腐殖质等养分是良好的土壤修复剂和调理剂，可抵消农业活动造成的有机质损失、提升碳的固存并维持土壤功能。然而，堆肥原料的复杂性和可变性是实现有机质快速腐殖化和维持有机肥质量所面对的巨大挑战。总结堆肥有机质的转化原理，综述工艺参数优化的关键环节、多类型添加剂在生产中的应用效果以及新型堆肥技术前景，进而提出以下几点建议：(1)对辅料进行破壁前处理或添加具有高效木质素分解能力的生物制剂，提高纤维类成分的分解，减少堆肥初期有机质快速矿化损失。(2)降低pH值可提高体系中NH⁺₄/NH₃的值，减少氨气挥发；提高氧含量和氨氧化细菌生物量，促进氨氧化和硝化作用，避免反硝化和不完全硝化导致的氮损失。(3)添加氧化剂提供充足的氧化还原电位，有效减少含硫有机质降解矿化后VSCs的释放。可为有机物高效腐殖化、资源化，减轻环境压力促进农业可持续发展提供参考和依据。

Abstract:

-

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期：2023-08-23
基金项目：河北省科学技术项目(编号：21327308D)；吉林省科技发展计划(编号：20200301019RQ)。
作者简介：袁伟涛(1998—)，男，河南周口人，硕士研究生，从事特种经济动物微生态营养与调控研究。E-mail：2627783817@qq.com。
通信作者：刘晗璐，博士，研究员，从事特种经济动物微生态营养与调控研究。E-mail：liuhanlu@caas.cn

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