[1]曹世攀,胡蓉蓉,柯珂,等.玉米的热害及热响应研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2023,51(3):22-27.
　Cao Shipan,et al.Research progress of maize heat stress and responses[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2023,51(3):22-27.
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玉米的热害及热响应研究进展()

《江苏农业科学》[ISSN:1002-1302/CN:32-1214/S]

卷:
第51卷
期数:
2023年第3期
页码:
22-27
栏目:
专论与综述
出版日期:
2023-02-05

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research progress of maize heat stress and responses
作者:
曹世攀;  胡蓉蓉;  柯珂;  沈艺;  陈铭;  张丙林;  刘卫娟;  邹华文
长江大学农学院，湖北荆州 434025
Author(s):
Cao Shipan; et al
关键词:
玉米; 热胁迫; 生理生化; 响应机制; 高温热害; 热响应
Keywords:
-
分类号:
S513.01
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
全球气候变暖环境下，高温热害频发，导致作物产量和品质下降。玉米是我国三大粮食作物之一，但是目前对玉米的热胁迫致灾机制研究较少，减灾预防措施方面的研究也缺乏系统性。本文首先介绍了玉米热胁迫的界定依据，即环境温度比通常情况下高10~15 ℃时，对玉米来说就可造成热害或热胁迫。其次分析了热胁迫对玉米生长发育及生理生化进程的影响。热胁迫会导致玉米幼苗失水增加、根生长受损，分蘖期遭受热胁迫会导致叶片萎蔫、卷曲和变黄，生殖期遭受热胁迫会破坏授粉过程，造成籽粒败育；同时热胁迫也会导致玉米关键生育期内光合、呼吸反应紊乱，活性氧积累，激素稳态失衡等现象的发生。然后阐述了玉米对热胁迫信号的响应机制，即首先通过细胞表面受体感受胞间信号，再经双信使系统将胁迫信号级联传递，最终引起未折叠蛋白及热休克等反应相关基因的表达。接着总结了生产中降低玉米热害损失的手段，包括选用耐热品种、改善田间管理和喷施外源生长调节剂等。最后对今后玉米耐热性研究进行了展望，建议从培育优良的耐热性玉米品种、深入玉米热害生理生化机制的研究与研发玉米热害预警系统3个方面入手，为玉米高温热害防御和农业减灾增效提供科学支持。
Abstract:
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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2022-04-11
基金项目：国家自然科学基金(编号：32171952、31971839、31471510)；湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(编号：T2021034)。
作者简介：曹世攀(1995—)，男，河南濮阳人，硕士研究生，主要从事玉米逆境生理方面的研究。E-mail：caoshipan1618@163.com。
通信作者：刘卫娟，博士，讲师，主要从事植物生理学与信号转导方面的研究，E-mail：wjliu@yangtzeu.edu.cn；邹华文，博士，教授，主要从事玉米生理与分子生物学方面的研究，E-mail：zouhuawen@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
更新日期/Last Update: 2023-02-05