[1]陈晨,杨凯波,王奎萍.不同胁迫对植物生长发育的影响及植物抗胁迫机制综述[J].江苏农业科学,2024,52(19):15-24.
　Chen Chen,et al.Effects of different stresses on plant growth and mechanisms of plant resistance to stresses： a review[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2024,52(19):15-24.
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不同胁迫对植物生长发育的影响及植物抗胁迫机制综述()

《江苏农业科学》[ISSN:1002-1302/CN:32-1214/S]

卷:
第52卷
期数:
2024年第19期
页码:
15-24
栏目:
专论与综述
出版日期:
2024-10-05

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of different stresses on plant growth and mechanisms of plant resistance to stresses： a review
作者:
陈晨1; 2; 杨凯波1; 王奎萍1
1.扬州市职业大学园林园艺学院，江苏扬州 225009； 2.南京林业大学林学院/南方现代林业协同创新中心，江苏南京 210037
Author(s):
Chen Chen; et al
关键词:
非生物胁迫; 生物胁迫; 植物抗逆性; 反应机制
Keywords:
-
分类号:
Q945.78
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
随着全球气候变暖和人类活动加剧，植物的生存面临着更大的挑战。植物的生长和发育受内外因素的影响，通常将不利影响称为胁迫，包括生物胁迫和非生物胁迫。生物胁迫指由害虫和病原体引起的伤害；而非生物胁迫主要包括温度、水分、干旱、重金属胁迫等。近年来各种胁迫导致的植物产量和质量下降而引发的粮食短缺等问题严重威胁了人类的正常生产和生活，了解胁迫的危害以及植物如何抵抗胁迫变得尤为重要。植物遭受胁迫时，在形态和生理上会出现多种征状，如细胞膜结构和功能被破坏，丙二醛、过氧化氢等有毒物质大量产生，细胞内的水分平衡被打乱，光合作用和呼吸作用出现异常，营养物质积累和激素水平受到干扰等。为了降低胁迫造成的不良影响，植物在形态结构和生理功能上演化出一系列应对策略，如改变叶片大小和方向、积累更多的营养物质、增强光合作用能力、提高抗氧化酶活性等；此外，增加抗性基因的表达也是提高植物抗逆性的一种途径。本文在综述胁迫类型、胁迫对植物生长和发育的影响、植物抵御胁迫不同机制的基础上，分析当前研究中存在的问题和未来研究的方向，以期为培育抗逆性强的品种、提高植物的适应能力等研究提供参考。
Abstract:
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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2023-11-02
基金项目：扬州市“绿扬金凤计划”优秀博士项目(编号：YZLYJFJH2022YXBS019)；江苏省科技副总项目(编号：FZ20230140)。
作者简介：陈晨(1994—)，男，江苏盐城人，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为森林培育。E-mail：cccc0212@163.com。
通信作者：杨凯波，讲师，主要研究方向为园林植物栽培和园林景观设计。E-mail：95583728@qq.com。
更新日期/Last Update: 2024-10-05